Algorithms and Music

               MATHEMATICAL MODELS

  Regression is a method by which a functional relationship in the real world may be described by a mathematical model which may then, like all models, may be used to explore, describe or predict the relationship.
  The method of least squares, published in 1805, showed the orbits of astrological bodies about the sun. The observations of planets and comets,using regression techniques, began to further the science. The term regression was coined in the 19th century to describe a biological phenomenon. The heights of descendants of tall ancestors would regress downward toward a normal average would become known as regression toward the mean.

  Linear regression
Linear regression The degrees of freedom number in the Regression line is the number of predictors used. Here that number is 1, and the regression has a single predictor.

 Multiple regression analysis models can be used to observe the algebraic formula :           (y = a + bc)

When using these math techniques, Using multi-tier tests to bring the model into balance, always seems to me like a symphony of music. Turns out it is allot like music, but in the form of algorithms.  

  Machine learning  is a scientific discipline that explores the construction and study of algorithms that can learn from data. Such algorithms operate by building a model based on inputs and using that to make predictions or decisions, rather than following only explicitly programmed instructions.Machine learning can be considered a subfield of computer science and statistics. It has strong ties to artificial intelligence and optimization, which deliver methods, theory and application domains to the field. Machine learning is employed in a range of computing tasks where designing and programming explicit, rule-based algorithms is infeasible. Example applications include spam filtering, optical character recognition  search engines and computer vision. Machine learning is sometimes conflated with data mining, although that focuses more on exploratory data analysis.Machine learning and pattern recognition "can be viewed as two facets of the same field.

  Finally, the foundations of this science, have the constant balance necessary to allow observations to be made. Observing such discoveries as the golden ratio,the zero,PHI +, phi -,irrational numbers, Solfeggio scale of music,and the Fibonacci sequence in nature and more. The multiple layers of perfection of this science have been unfolding since the Egyptians and the Greeks,Hindu sanskriti, I Ching Hexagrams,started to unfold into human knowledge and allow the meta- knowledge that we see today. 
   

Real Estate Investment

An NNN Lease is a net lease, structured as a turnkey investment property in which the tenant is responsible for paying the three major expenses associated with commercial real estate ownership. "NNN" stands for "Net-Net-Net", is pronounced "Triple Net" and represents the three most common, consequential real estate related expenses:

• N - Property tax
• N - Insurance
• N - Maintenance

Net Lease Planning as an Investment Tool

NNN lease planning is a rich investment tool which provides the investor with many opportunities to navigate an ever-changing market. NNN lease investments are essentially inflation-protected bonds guaranteed by a credit tenant, rather than a state or local municipality. The tenant makes monthly payments to the landlord, while the real estate (and often rent bumps called for in the lease) provides the investor protection against inflation. Bonds have long been a popular investment tool among retirees and high-income earners seeking fixed income without having to pay taxes for years. NNN lease investments provide similar tax advantages as tax-exempt municipal bonds, without forcing the investor to settle for lower yields or opening the investor up to a large capital gains hit. If an investor were to purchase a bond in the secondary market and turn around and sell it for a profit, years later, he would have to pay a capital gains tax on the profit, regardless of whether or not the bond is exempt from state income tax. This is not the case when investing in NNN leases because of the fact that although structured like a bond, they are still considered real estate investments and therefor fall under the same tax laws as such which means that they can be depreciated in the same manner as similar income producing commercial real estate. The taxes on the income they generate can be written off or deferred over the life of the asset. The investor of course has to pay said depreciation back when he sells, however this too can be circumvented by evoking a Starker’s 1031 exchange and trading into another like-kind property. NNN leased investments are also financeable allowing the investor to leverage the credit of their tenant and the interest payments would also be a write-off. In addition to the numerous tax benefits, retirees often choose NNN leases when planning their estate or retirement because of the straight forward nature of NNN lease investments. A retiree can achieve long term, guaranteed, fixed income with rental increases from a simple product and their Heirs will not be overwhelmed by the many complications associated with wealth management.